A comprehensive guide to periarthritis: symptoms, causes, diagnosis, and treatments—including holistic care from Accesscure and expert insights from Dr. Bhaskar.
Introduction to Periarthritis
Periarthritis, also referred to as adhesive capsulitis or frozen shoulder, is a common condition that leads to pain and stiffness in the shoulder joint. The term “periarthritis” literally means inflammation of tissues surrounding a joint, primarily affecting the shoulder capsule, ligaments, and tendons. This condition may severely restrict the range of motion and affect daily functioning, especially in middle-aged adults.
At Accesscure, under the expert guidance of Dr. Bhaskar, a renowned musculoskeletal and neurological rehabilitation specialist, comprehensive and individualized treatment plans have been developed to manage and treat periarthritis effectively using advanced physiotherapy, manual therapy, and evidence-based protocols.
Anatomy of the Shoulder: Understanding the Impact of Periarthritis
Before diving into the condition itself, it’s essential to understand the structure involved:
- Shoulder Joint (Glenohumeral Joint): Ball-and-socket joint where the head of the humerus fits into the glenoid cavity.
- Capsule: A thick band of connective tissue that surrounds the joint.
- Synovial Fluid: Lubricates the capsule and keeps it flexible.
- Ligaments and Tendons: Support and move the shoulder.
In periarthritis, inflammation of the shoulder capsule leads to tightening and thickening, which significantly restricts motion and causes pain.
Causes and Risk Factors of Periarthritis
There is no single cause for periarthritis, but several contributing factors are known:
1. Idiopathic Origins
Most cases are classified as primary periarthritis, where no specific cause is identified.
2. Secondary Causes
- Injury or Trauma: Falls, shoulder surgeries, or fractures can trigger inflammation.
- Immobility: After stroke, fracture, or surgery.
- Systemic Conditions:
- Diabetes mellitus (highly associated)
- Thyroid disorders
- Cardiovascular disease
- Parkinson’s disease
3. Demographic Factors
- Age: Common in 40–60-year-olds
- Gender: More prevalent in women
4. Occupational Hazards
Jobs requiring repetitive overhead activities or prolonged immobilization increase the risk.
Stages of Periarthritis
Periarthritis typically progresses through three stages:
Stage 1: Freezing Stage (Painful Stage)
- Duration: 6 weeks to 9 months
- Symptoms: Sharp pain at night and increasing stiffness
Stage 2: Frozen Stage (Stiffness Stage)
- Duration: 4 to 12 months
- Pain may decrease, but stiffness becomes more pronounced
- Limited range of motion
Stage 3: Thawing Stage (Recovery Stage)
- Duration: 6 months to 2 years
- Gradual improvement in motion and reduced discomfort
Accesscure’s staged therapy approach aligns perfectly with these stages, with targeted interventions in each phase under Dr. Bhaskar’s direction.
Symptoms of Periarthritis
- Persistent pain in the outer shoulder and upper arm
- Increased pain at night or during rest
- Difficulty with everyday activities: combing hair, wearing clothes, reaching overhead
- Stiffness and decreased shoulder mobility
- Tenderness in the shoulder capsule
Diagnosis of Periarthritis
Accurate diagnosis is crucial for effective treatment.
Clinical Examination
- History: Assessing the onset, nature of pain, and limitations
- Physical Examination: Range of motion tests (active vs. passive), palpation
Imaging Techniques
- X-rays: To rule out arthritis or calcification
- MRI or Ultrasound: Visualize soft tissues, rotator cuff, and capsule thickening
At Accesscure, diagnostic evaluations are performed using advanced assessment protocols, ensuring the root cause is correctly identified before starting treatment.
Differential Diagnosis
Conditions that mimic periarthritis:
- Rotator cuff tears
- Subacromial bursitis
- Osteoarthritis
- Cervical radiculopathy
Dr. Bhaskar emphasizes the importance of ruling these out through detailed assessments and imaging support.
Treatment of Periarthritis: A Multidisciplinary Approach
1. Conservative Management
A. Medications
- NSAIDs (e.g., Ibuprofen, Diclofenac): For pain and inflammation
- Corticosteroid Injections: Reduce capsule inflammation and pain
B. Physical Therapy
Dr. Bhaskar and the Accesscure team specialize in physiotherapy for periarthritis. Core techniques include:
- Stretching and Mobilization Exercises
- Pendulum stretches
- Cross-body stretches
- Wall climbing
- Strengthening Exercises
- Isometric shoulder exercises
- Theraband resistance training
- Manual Therapy
- Joint mobilization
- Soft tissue release
- Electrotherapy
- TENS (Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation)
- Ultrasound Therapy
2. Advanced Therapies at Accesscure
- Hydrotherapy
- Dry Needling
- Matrix Therapy
- Kinesiology Taping
- IASTM (Instrument Assisted Soft Tissue Mobilization)
Each patient receives a personalized plan based on their stage of periarthritis and comorbid conditions.
Role of Occupational Therapy
Occupational therapists at Accesscure work with patients to restore their ability to perform daily tasks by:
- Adapting movements and environment
- Training for task-specific motions
- Educating about ergonomics and joint protection
Surgical Options (When Conservative Management Fails)
Though rare, surgery is considered if there’s no improvement for over a year.
- Manipulation Under Anesthesia (MUA)
- Shoulder is forcefully moved under anesthesia to break adhesions
- Arthroscopic Capsular Release
- Minimally invasive surgery to release tight capsule areas
Surgical patients at Accesscure are always offered comprehensive post-op rehabilitation under Dr. Bhaskar’s guidance.
Home Management & Self-Care Tips
Dr. Bhaskar strongly advocates for patient education and home-based care to prevent relapse and improve long-term outcomes.
- Apply moist heat before exercise
- Cold packs post-therapy for pain relief
- Maintain posture
- Avoid shoulder overuse
- Follow a home exercise program consistently
Periarthritis vs Frozen Shoulder: Are They the Same?
While both terms are often used interchangeably, some experts distinguish them:
| Aspect | Periarthritis | Frozen Shoulder |
|---|---|---|
| Involvement | Surrounding tissues | Primarily the capsule |
| Cause | Secondary to systemic conditions | Often idiopathic |
| Pain Severity | Moderate to severe | Typically intense |
Regardless of terminology, Accesscure’s treatment strategy effectively addresses both conditions.
Prevention Strategies
Although not always preventable, these tips can reduce risk:
- Stay physically active
- Don’t ignore minor shoulder pain
- Regular stretching
- Early physiotherapy after injuries or surgeries
- Manage underlying conditions like diabetes or thyroid issues
Why Choose Accesscure for Periarthritis Management?
- Expertise of Dr. Bhaskar: With decades of experience in treating musculoskeletal disorders, Dr. Bhaskar brings a holistic and patient-first approach to care.
- Integrated Rehab Programs: Physiotherapy, manual therapy, and lifestyle changes all under one roof.
- Evidence-Based Practices: Treatments based on current research and guidelines.
- Patient-Centric Approach: Each case is unique, and so is the treatment plan.
Testimonials from Periarthritis Patients at Accesscure
“I could barely lift my arm before visiting Accesscure. Thanks to Dr. Bhaskar and his incredible team, I regained full mobility in just 6 months.” – Radha M., Hyderabad
“The tailored physiotherapy program and the home exercise plan worked wonders. Highly recommend Accesscure for shoulder issues!” – Suraj P., Bengaluru
Final Thoughts
Periarthritis may start as a minor discomfort but can quickly lead to chronic pain and disability if not treated early. Timely intervention with expert guidance—like that offered at Accesscure under Dr. Bhaskar—can significantly improve outcomes and prevent long-term damage.
Whether you’re in the early stage or have been struggling for years, Accesscure offers the complete spectrum of care for periarthritis—backed by science, compassion, and expertise.